Controller and Gateway Logging

Overview of Controller and Gateway Logging

The Aviatrix Controller and all of its managed gateways can be configured to forward their logs to well known log management systems. The Controller and all the managed gateways will forward the logs directly to the logging server. As such, the Controller and each managed gateway needs network connectivity to the logging server.

Aviatrix supports using Remote Syslog (rsyslog) for forwarding log messages. Remote Syslog as the log forwarder is both efficient and the industry standard. Most log collectors support rsyslog as a log forwarder.

Log data collected from Aviatrix Controller and all the managed gateways can be forwarded by Remote Syslog to your log server, such as to:

  • Datadog

  • NetFlow

  • AWS CloudWatch

See Aviatrix Controller and Gateway Logging for information about configuring the log server agents with CoPilot.

In addition to standard information on syslog, Aviatrix logs also provide informational insights into UserVPN connections, VPN user TCP sessions, security rule violation statistics, gateway stats and FQDN filter violations.

The chosen log management system can sift through the Aviatrix logs to get meaningful trend charts that can help monitor the network connectivity and UserVPN sessions. See Aviatrix Log Formats for a list of useful Aviatrix logs which can be parsed on the log management system to display relevant analytics of data collected from Aviatrix Controller and gateways.

The process the Gateways and Controller use for exporting their log files is as follows:

The process the Gateways and Controller use for exporting their log files is different in Controller software versions earlier than 7.0.1726. In addition, the log file prefix previously included the log filename and log timestamp. For details, see Field Notice 42.

Aviatrix gateways and Controller stream the log lines being written to the syslog and auth.log files. When you use the default rsyslog server configuration suggested in Aviatrix Documentation, the logs streamed from the Controller and gateways have multiple files. Each file is named with the application that generated the log. For example, all logs generated by the avx-gw-state-sync application are re-directed to a file named avx-gw-state-sync" on the log server.

The log format is shown below. Your syslog collectors and any related automation for ingesting logs must accept the log format.

Format: [Timestamp] GW-[Name of Gateway]-[Public IP of Gateway] [Name of Application generating log][Application Process ID]: [Log message]

Example of log format:

Mar 23 19:17:50 GW-UdpGateway-50.17.41.173 avx-gw-state-sync[11249]: warn#011gateway_launcher/gateway_launcher.go:212#011daemon exited

Prefix of log: [Timestamp] GW-[Name of Gateway]-[Public IP of Gateway]

Example prefix: Mar 23 19:17:50 GW-gg-aws-usw2-s127-35.162.124.66

Configuring Aviatrix to Send Logs to Your Log Server

For information about configuring Aviatrix Controller and its managed gateways to send logs to your log server, see the following topics:

Enabling Aviatrix Controller Logging

To enable logging at the Aviatrix Controller, go to Controller > Settings > Logging page. After setting the logging configuration in this page, you must click Enable for the configuration to be saved. After logging is enabled, both the Controller and all gateways will forward logs directly to the logging server.

A total of 10 profiles from index 0 to 9 are supported for remote syslog, while index 9 is reserved for CoPilot.

Newly deployed gateways will be added to a profile if it is the only profile enabled in the index range of 0 to 8,

If more than one profile is enabled in the range of 0 to 8, the newly deployed gateway will not be added to any profile in the range of 0 to 8. You can use the advanced options in the logging "Edit Options" window to edit the exclude and include list.

Newly deployed gateways will always be added to profile 9 which is reserved for CoPilot to monitor.

Remote Syslog Configuration on Controller

On the Aviatrix Controller, go to Controller > Settings > Logging > Remote Syslog tile:

  1. In Profile Index, select a profile to edit and then click the Status button to expand the configuration pane.

  2. Profile Name: The name of this profile.

  3. Server: FQDN or IP address of the remote syslog server

  4. Port: Listening port of the remote syslog server. By default, it is 6514.

  5. Server CA Certificate: Certificate Authority (CA) certificate

  6. Client Certificate: Client certificate signed by the same CA

  7. Client Private Key: Private key of the client that pairs with the public certificate

  8. Protocol: TCP or UDP (TCP by default)

  9. Optional Custom Template: Useful when forwarding to 3rd party servers like Datadog (Details below)

  10. Click ENABLE.

Remote Syslog Configuration on the Remote syslog Server

On the Remote syslog server:

  1. Install rsyslog and rsyslog-gnutls packages

  2. Create a new config file in /etc/rsyslog.d with similar content as shown below depending on your rsyslog version to enable the tls connection. Please make sure key paths are readable by the syslog user.

  3. Make sure the output directory /var/log is writable by rsyslog user/daemon.

  4. Restart rsyslog service and check port is listening and that there are no errors in /var/log/syslog.

  5. Confirm the port is allowed in the security group / fireware for incoming traffic.

$ModLoad imtcp
$InputTCPServerRun 514

$DefaultNetstreamDriver gtls

#Certificate location
$DefaultNetstreamDriverCAFile /etc/cert/rsyslog-ca.pem
$DefaultNetstreamDriverCertFile /etc/cert/rsyslog-crt.pem
$DefaultNetstreamDriverKeyFile /etc/cert/rsyslog-key.pem

$InputTCPServerStreamDriverAuthMode x509/certvalid
$InputTCPServerStreamDriverMode 1 # run driver in TLS-only mode

# Re-direct logs to host specific directories
$template TmplMsg, "/var/log/aviatrix/%HOSTNAME%/%PROGRAMNAME%"
*.info,mail.none,authpriv.*,cron.none ?TmplMsg
& ~

(version >=8) :

global(
    DefaultNetstreamDriver="gtls"
    DefaultNetstreamDriverCAFile="/etc/cert/rsyslog-ca.pem"
    DefaultNetstreamDriverCertFile="/etc/cert/rsyslog-crt.pem"
    DefaultNetstreamDriverKeyFile="/etc/cert/rsyslog-key.pem"
)
template(name="TmplMsg" type="list") {
    constant(value="/var/log/aviatrix/")
    property(name="hostname")
    constant(value="/")
    property(name="programname" SecurePath="replace")
    constant(value="")
    }
ruleset(name="remote"){
    *.info;mail.none;authpriv.*;cron.none action(type="omfile" DynaFile="TmplMsg")
}
module(
    load="imtcp"
    StreamDriver.Name="gtls"
    StreamDriver.Mode="1"
    StreamDriver.Authmode="anon"
)
input(type="imtcp" port="514" ruleset="remote")
Then

  1. Go to /var/log/aviatrix directory.

  2. Find the directory of the desired Controller or gateway:

    1. Controller’s directory name is in a format of Controller-public_IP_of_controller

    2. Gateway’s directory name is in a format of GW-gateway_name-public_IP_of_gateway

  3. Each controller/gateway directory should have:

    1. auth.log

    2. syslog

Format for CA Certificates from External Logging Servers

The Aviatrix Controller expects certificates in PEM format. Convert any certificates downloaded from your external logging server’s documentation into PEM format. Attempting to upload the wrong format may return an Exception Error.

Using Rsyslog with Datadog

  1. Go to Controller/Settings/Logging/Remote Syslog and enable the service.

    1. Server: intake.logs.datadoghq.com

    2. Port: 10514

    3. Protocol: TCP

  2. For Optional Custom Template, copy the following string and replace the string DATADOG_API_KEY with your own key.

    DATADOG_API_KEY <%pri%>%protocol-version% %timestamp:::date-rfc3339% %HOSTNAME% %app-name% - - - %msg%\\n

Aviatrix Log Formats

The Aviatrix Controller and all of its managed gateways can be configured to forward their logs to well known log management systems. This section describes Aviatrix log keywords that can be identified by log management systems for further analysis.

Aviatrix Log Keywords

The following types of Aviatrix log keywords can be identified by the Log Management System for further analysis:

AviatrixVPNSession:

This log is for gateways that have VPN enabled.

Logs with this prefix come from the Controller and contain information such as the VPN username, the VPN gateway IP address and name where the user connects to, client virtual IP address, connection duration, total received bytes, total transmitted bytes, and login and logout time. Two logs will be generated for each VPN connection. One is when the connection is established, the other when it is disconnected.

Example logs:

Connect Log:

Aug 17 22:07:39 ip-172-31-46-24 cloudx_cli: AviatrixVPNSession:
User=demo, Status=active, Gateway=demo, GatewayIP=52.52.76.149,
VPNVirtualIP=192.168.0.6, PublicIP=N/A, Login=2016-08-17 22:07:38, Logout=N/A,
Duration=N/A, RXbytes=N/A, TXbytes=N/A

Disconnect log:

Aug 17 22:26:37 ip-172-31-46-24 cloudx_cli: AviatrixVPNSession:
User=demo, Status=disconnected, Gateway=demo,
GatewayIP=52.52.76.149, VPNVirtualIP=192.168.0.6, PublicIP=N/A,
Login=2016-08-17 22:07:38, Logout=2016-08-17 22:26:37, Duration=0:0:18:59,
RXbytes=2.1 MB, TXbytes=9.03 MB

AviatrixUser:

This log is for gateways that have VPN enabled.

Logs with this prefix come from each VPN gateway managed by the Controller. The log contains the information for the TCP session, such as inbound and outbound interface, source IP address, destination IP address, TTL value, protocol name, and packet length. The log record is for each packet that passes through the VPN connection from the client to the destination.

Two example logs:

Aug 17 22:15:47 ip-10-100-0-60 kernel: [14167.983249]
***AviatrixUser***:IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=192.168.0.6 DST=68.67.154.85 LEN=64
TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=28916 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=50428 DPT=443
WINDOW=65535 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0

Aug 17 22:15:47 ip-10-100-0-60 kernel: [14167.968275]
***AviatrixUser***:IN= OUT=eth0 SRC=192.168.0.6 DST=10.100.0.2 LEN=66
TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=254 ID=13309 PROTO=UDP SPT=64775 DPT=53 LEN=46

AviatrixLicenseVPNUsers:

This log is for gateways that have VPN enabled.

Logs with this prefix come from the Controller and can be used to monitor the license usage of active vpn users connected to all vpn gateways.

One example log:

Sep 25 23:40:19 ip-10-40-0-133 cloudxd: AviatrixLicsenseVPNUsers: users=2

There is a typo in some versions (as noted in the above example) that incorrectly shows this entry as AviatrixLicsenseVPNUsers instead of AviatrixLicenseVPNUsers.

AviatrixRule:

You need to configure security policies to see AviatrixRule log.

Logs with this prefix come from each gateway managed by the Controller. Any packet that triggers the security policy rule will generate a log record of this type with the first 100 bytes of the packet. It contains the information such as gateway IP address, inbound and outbound interface, MAC address, TTL value, protocol name, source IP address, destination IP address and packet length.

An example for a deny rule event is shown below. The log event prefix is "AvxRl gw1 D:", where the gateway name is gw1, "D" represents Drop.

2019-04-10T23:33:47.217018+00:00 ip-10-240-0-44 kernel: [ 4976.320353] AvxRl gw1 D:IN=eth0 OUT=eth0 MAC=02:bd:e5:4f:d0:e2:02:d8:14:81:fc:48:08:00 SRC=10.240.1.60 DST=10.230.1.23 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=45312 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=2833 SEQ=1

Another example for an accept rule event is shown below. The log event prefix is "AvxRl StatefulGW2 A:", where the gateway name is StatefulGW2, "A" represents Accept.

2019-04-10T23:34:47.602166+00:00 ip-10-240-0-44 kernel: [ 5036.705845] AvxRl StatfulGW2 A:IN=eth0 OUT=eth0 MAC=02:bd:e5:4f:d0:e2:02:d8:14:81:fc:48:08:00 SRC=10.240.1.60 DST=10.230.1.23 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=48453 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=2834 SEQ=1

AviatrixGwMicroSegPacket:

You need to configure Distributed Firewalling micro-segmentation policies to see AviatrixGwMicrosegPacket logs.

Logs with this prefix come from your configured Distributed Firewalling micro-segmentation policies. These logs contain the following information:

  • timestamp

  • source IP

  • destination IP

  • protocol (for example, ICMP or TCP)

  • port number

  • if a policy is enforced

  • if a policy was allowed or denied

  • gateway name

  • policy ID

A micro-segmentation log example is shown below:

2022-05-25T15:57:43.088860+00:00 ip-10-4-179-71 /usr/local/bin/avx-gw-state-sync[1168]: 2022/05/25 15:57:43 AviatrixGwMicrosegPacket:
POLICY=54ea65c4-313e-4b3d-8db3-1ecc4f0981db SRC_MAC=16:06:11:d7:a1:11 DST_MAC=16:54:ec:50:09:17 IP_SZ=84 SRC_IP=10.4.187.253 DST_IP=10.5.144.38
PROTO=ICMP SRC_PORT=0 DST_PORT=0 DATA=0x ACT=PERMIT ENFORCED=true

AviatrixGwNetStats:

Logs with this prefix come from each gateway managed by the Controller. These logs are sampled every minute and give details about gateway network interface.

Two example logs:

2020-06-09T17:29:31.372628+00:00 GW-test-10.23.183.116 perfmon.py: AviatrixGwNetStats:
timestamp=2020-06-09T17:29:31.371791 name=test public_ip=10.23.183.116.fifo private_ip=172.31.78.160
interface=eth0 total_rx_rate=10.06Kb total_tx_rate=12.77Kb total_rx_tx_rate=2.85Kb
total_rx_cum=207.16MB total_tx_cum=1.2MB total_rx_tx_cum=208.36

2020-06-12T08:30:09.297478+00:00 GW-test-10.23.183.116 perfmon.py: AviatrixGwNetStats:
timestamp=2020-06-12T08:30:09.296752 name=test public_ip=10.23.183.116.fifo private_ip=172.31.78.160
interface=eth0 total_rx_rate=8.84Kb total_tx_rate=8.45Kb total_rx_tx_rate=17.29Kb
total_rx_cum=4.63MB total_tx_cum=6.8MB total_rx_tx_cum=11.44MB

AviatrixGwSysStats:

Logs with this prefix come from each gateway managed by the Controller. These logs are sampled every minute and give details about gateway memory, cpu and disk load.

Two example logs:

2020-06-09T17:29:31.372822+00:00 GW-test-10.23.183.116 perfmon.py: AviatrixGwSysStats:
timestamp=2020-06-09T17:29:31.371791 name=test cpu_idle=68
memory_free=414640 memory_available=1222000 memory_total=1871644
disk_total=16197524 disk_free=10982084

2020-06-12T08:22:09.295660+00:00 GW-test-10.23.183.116 perfmon.py: AviatrixGwSysStats:
timestamp=2020-06-12T08:22:09.294333 name=test cpu_idle=99
memory_free=919904 memory_available=1264792 memory_total=1871644
disk_total=16197524 disk_free=11409716

AviatrixFQDNRule

You need to configure FQDN allow lists in order to see these logs.

Logs with this prefix come from each gateway managed by the Controller. Domain name filtering can be configured per gateway via Controller. And every time a gateway tries to access a domain name, it will check if the domain name passes the configured filters. If it does, access will be allowed with the state as MATCHED, otherwise it will be discarded with state as NO_MATCH.

Two example logs:

2019-12-12T04:33:46.892381+00:00 ip-172-32-0-6 avx-nfq: AviatrixFQDNRule2[CRIT]nfq_ssl_handle_client_hello() L#281  Gateway=spoke1-fqdn S_IP=172.32.1.144 D_IP=52.218.234.41 hostname=aviatrix-download.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com state=MATCHED  Rule=*.amazonaws.com;1

2019-12-12T04:36:53.173210+00:00 ip-172-32-0-6 avx-nfq: AviatrixFQDNRule1[CRIT]nfq_ssl_handle_client_hello() L#281  Gateway=spoke1-fqdn S_IP=172.32.1.144 D_IP=98.137.246.7 hostname=www.yahoo.com state=NO_MATCH drop_reason=NOT_WHITELISTED

AviatrixTunnelStatusChange

Logs with this prefix come from the Controller whenever a tunnel status changes. old_state means old state of the tunnel, and new_state is the new changed state of tunnel.

Example log:

2019-11-30T15:44:52.718808+00:00 ip-172-32-0-226 cloudxd: AviatrixTunnelStatusChange: src_gw=oregon-transit(AWS us-west-2) dst_gw=100.20.53.124(NA NA) old_state=Down new_state=Up

AviatrixCMD

Logs with this prefix come from the Controller whenever a CLI command is issued. It contains information on the CLI command that was issued, the results of the execution, reason a message if there is a failure and who issued the command.

Example log:

2019-11-19T20:13:44.585942+00:00 ip-172-32-0-226 cloudxd: AviatrixCMD: action=USERCONNECT_UPGRADE_TO_VERSION, argv=['--rtn_file', '/run/shm/rtn957594707', 'userconnect_upgrade_to_version', 'upgrade-status', ''], result=Success, reason=, username=admin

2019-11-19T18:01:59.796230+00:00 ip-172-32-0-226 cloudxd: AviatrixCMD: action=TRANSIT_SPOKE_LIST, argv=['--rtn_file', '/run/shm/rtn2091225061', 'transit_spoke_list', '--spoke_only'], result=Success, reason=, username=admin

AviatrixBGPOverlapCIDR

Log messages with this prefix come from the Controller whenever it detects overlapping CIDRs between on-prem learned and Spoke VPC CIDRs.

Example log:

2018-09-24T20:28:58.330708+00:00 ip-172-31-23-128 cloudxd: AviatrixBGPOverlapCIDR: Time Detected: 2018-09-24 20:28:58.329881

Spoke/Manual CIDRs ['10.0.0.0/8'] have a conflict with BGP Learned CIDRs [u'10.2.0.0/16', u'30.2.0.0/16'] in VPC vpc-782bb21f on connection vgw-bgp-ha.

AviatrixBGPRouteLimitThreshold

Log messages with this prefix come from the Controller whenever it detects that total BGP routes exceed the 80 routes. (AWS VGW has a total 100 route limit.)

Example log:

2018-09-24T20:24:50.600144+00:00 ip-172-31-23-128 cloudxd: AviatrixBGPRouteLimitThreshold: This message is alerting you that the VGW listed below currently has 89 routes, which is approaching the VGW route limits (100). You can reduce the number of routes on VGW both from on-prem side and on Aviatrix Transit gateway by enabling Route Summarization feature.

Time Detected: 2018-09-24 20:24:50.599822

Connection Name: vgw-bgp-ha
VGW Id: vgw-0942b724a5150bc6a

AviatrixGuardDuty

Log messages with this prefix come from the Controller whenever it receives an alert message from AWS GuardDuty.

Example log:

2018-09-23T00:00:50.369963-07:00 ip-172-31-89-197 cloudxd: AviatrixGuardDuty: Account [aws], Region [us-east-1], Instance ID [i-0a675b03fafedd3f2], at 2018-09-23T02:05:35Z, 163.172.7.97 is performing SSH brute force attacks against i-0a675b03fafedd3f2.  Please tighten instance security group to avoid UnauthorizedAccess:EC2/SSHBruteForce threat.

2018-09-23T00:00:50.332066-07:00 ip-172-31-89-197 cloudxd: AviatrixGuardDuty: Account [aws], Region [us-east-1], Instance ID [i-0a675b03fafedd3f2], at 2018-09-23T06:35:40Z, Unprotected port on EC2 instance i-0a675b03fafedd3f2 is being probed. Please tighten instance security group to avoid Recon:EC2/PortProbeUnprotectedPort threat.

AviatrixFireNet

Log messages with this prefix come from the Controller whenever a firewall instance state changes.

Example log:

2019-11-19T09:38:40.070080-08:00 ip-172-31-93-101 cloudxd: AviatrixFireNet: Firewall i-021f23187b8ac81c9~~tran-fw-1 in FireNet VPC vpc-0f943cd05455358ac~~cal-transit-vpc-1 state has been changed to down.

2019-11-19T09:39:03.066869-08:00 ip-172-31-93-101 cloudxd: AviatrixFireNet: Firewall i-021f23187b8ac81c9~~tran-fw-1 in FireNet VPC vpc-0f943cd05455358ac~~cal-transit-vpc-1 state has been changed to unaccessible.

2019-11-19T09:40:12.878075-08:00 ip-172-31-93-101 cloudxd: AviatrixFireNet: Firewall i-021f23187b8ac81c9~~tran-fw-1 in FireNet VPC vpc-0f943cd05455358ac~~cal-transit-vpc-1 state has been changed to up.

AviatrixVPNVersion

Log messages with this prefix come from the Controller whenever it rejects an Aviatrix VPN client connection.

Example log:

2020-02-07T11:38:48.276150-08:00 Controller-52.204.188.212 cloudxd: AviatrixVPNVersion:  The VPN connection was rejected as it did not satisfy the minimum version requirements. Current version: AVPNC-2.4.10 Required minimum version: AVPNC-2.5.7 . The rejected VPN user name is tf-aws-52-tcplb-user1

AviatrixGatewayStatusChanged

These log messages will be seen from the Controller’s syslogs when a gateway’s status changes

Example log:

2020-03-29T00:09:13.201669+00:00 ip-10-88-1-63 cloudxd: AviatrixGatewayStatusChanged: status=down gwname=EMEA-ENG-VPNGateway

AWS CloudWatch Integration

Only AWS gateways and Controllers are supported. Other cloud types are not supported. AWS gateways created from an access account with an AWS secret key and access key are not supported.

Configuring AWS CloudWatch

For Aviatrix Controllers and gateways in different AWS accounts to send/update logs to the collector’s AWS account, follow the instructions below to set up IAM role and policies on the collector’s AWS account.

  1. Go to AWS console, create an IAM role with a name aviatrix-role-cloudwatch.

  2. Add Trust-Relationships for Aviatrix Controllers' and all gateways' AWS accounts. If you are already using CloudWatch for logs from all your AWS accounts, you may have already built the trust relationship between accounts. If this is the case, skip this step.

  3. Attach AWS IAM Cloudwatch policy to the role aviatrix-role-cloudwatch.

a: Create an IAM role aviatrix-role-cloudwatch, make sure the role name is "aviatrix-role-cloudwatch".

image::controller/create-cloudwatch-role-01.png

image::controller/create-cloudwatch-role-02.png

image::controller/create-cloudwatch-role-03.png

image1

b: Add Trust-Relationships for controllers and gateways AWS accounts

image2
image3

c: Attach AWS IAM policy for "CloudWatchAgentServerPolicy" to the role

image::controller/attach-aws-iam-policy-v2.png

d: Retrieve the ARN of the IAM Role

image::controller/copy-role-arn.png

Enable CloudWatch log on the Controller

image5

  • ARN of IAM role: Specify the ARN of the IAM role in the collector’s AWS account. * Region: Specify which region you wish to store your logs.

Verifying your AWS CloudWatch integration

In AWS CloudWatch:

image::controller/aws-cloudwatch-result-01.png

image7

To view the Aviatrix Controller’s and Gateways' CloudWatch Service Status:

image::controller/troubleshoot-v2.png

Logs from CloudWatch can be exported to S3 buckets. Please see the AWS Documentation.

Aviatrix supports using Remote Syslog (rsyslog) for forwarding log messages. Most log collectors support rsyslog as a log forwarder. The following are links related to log collectors and rsyslog: